ENERGY FROM THE DESERTS- THE USE OF NANO-LEAVES TO PRODUCE ELECTRICITY

Here are the formatting guidelines for the IJATER Jour-nal. Please strictly adhere to this format for your contribu-tion; this will greatly expedite publication. A relatively mod-ern technology uses nanoleaves attached to artificial trees and plants to capture solar energy. These exclusively de-signed nanoleaves contain tiny photovoltaic and thermo vol-taic modules that gather heat and light from solar energy, converting this to electrical energy.Solar power and wind power is seen by many as a soln. to the world's energy prob-lems. The earth receives 1.7 1017 W from the sun compared to a total electricity generation capacity of 4.6 1012W (OECD prediction for 2010). However the av. power d. is low with a daytime av. over the earth of 680Wm-2. This makes centralised generation problematic but distributed photoelec. Generation by domestic and com. users is a rapid-ly developing market. However typical com. available mod-ules have an energy conversion efficiency of less than 12%. Silicon cells with 24% efficiency have been produced in the lab while multi-junction tandem cells using different semi-conductor materials (GaInAs, GaInP and Ge) to absorb dif-ferent parts of the sun's spectrum have reached 40%. This chapter describes some of the materials and device achieve-ments so far and looks at possible ways in which higher effi-ciencies might be achieved with particular emphasis on na-no-materials to use more of the solar spectrum efficiently. The possibility of using quantum slicing and multiple exci-ton generation to make more efficient use of high energy photons is considered and impurity band generation as a possible route to use low energy photons. One of the greatest challenges is to do this cheaply using semiconductors made from non-toxic abundant elements. Note that the ENTIRE document should be typed in Times New Roman font. Limit the abstract to 250 words or less.