Allogenic aortic graft as a surgical treatment of Aspergillus aneurysm: a case report in a kidney transplant recipient

Diagnosis and treatment of mycotic aneurysms in renal transplant recipients are extremely challenging. Choice of vascular prostheses, surgical techniques, diagnostic procedures, and medical treatment are still disputable. In this case report we present a recipient who developed an abdominal aortic aneurysm, infected with Aspergillus fumigatus, involving the major visceral arteries. In order to replace the aneurysmatic aorta and reconstruct the visceral arteries, the aneurysm was replaced surgically with a fresh AB0 compatible donor aortic graft together with donor iliac arteries. In addition to surgical treatment, this case highlights the diagnostic difficulties, modern anti-mycotic treatment, and underlying causes of this condition.