POLLUTION DES EAUX DE PUITS DE CERTAINS QUARTIERS DE LA VILLE DE FES, MAROC

In the framework of the monitoring and the control of the diseases related to water, a four months exploratory study was carried out from January to May 2009. The objective is the preliminary evaluation of the hygienic quality of wells water used for drinking and for the domestic activities, by the population of some districts of the town of Fès,. On the whole, 29 “taking away” of water were carried out in 29 wells likely to generate a health risk to their users. The whole of these wells were identified by sheets indicating their topographic co-ordinates, population user and nature of neighbouring pollution. Regarding the bacteriology, the majority of the samples analyzed, according to the Moroccan specification 03.7.001, presented a strong contamination by the total flora mesophile aerobic in 100% of the wells with an active density of 3x102 at 14,64x104 ufc/100ml, by the total coliformes in 69% of the wells analyzed with a concentration going of 5x102 with 8,3x102 ufc/100ml. In 50% of the analyzed wells, E.coli has a density of 6 ufc/100ml at 2x102 ufc/100ml and in 56% of the analyzed shafts, the enterocoques intestinal ones have a concentration varying from 1 to 115 ufc/100ml. The anaerobes sulfito-reducers have in 38% of the analyzed wells a density going of 102 at 8,2x103 ufc/100ml. The relationship between fecal coliformes and the enterocoques intestinal ones indicated that the origin of fecal contamination is a Humane type in 70% of the wells and of animal type in the remainder of the studied wells. On the physicochemical level, the wells analyzed were contaminated except for only one. 3,44% of the wells have a pH not-in conformity of a value equalizes to 5,25, 58% have a significant mineralization varying from 734 μ s/cm to 3620 μs/cm, 13,8% have a DCO not-in conformity varying from 24,53 mg/l with 263,3 mg/l and 10,34% have a content ammonium not-in conformity. Other parameters tested such as dissolved oxygen, the nitrates, the nitrites andorthophosphate were in conformity with the Moroccan standards of potability.