Arystotelesa charakterystyka zniszczalnych substancji (Aristotle’s Characteristic of the Sensible and Destructible Substances)

The present article attempts to explain what Aristotle’s sensible and destructiblesubstance is from the viewpoint of their separability (to choriston) and individuality(to tode ti). On the basis of the analysis several parts chosen from Metaphysics, Physics,On the Generation of Animals and On the Soul the author makes characterizationof two parameters of the substance on the background of three equations: i. Subject= substance = combination of the matter and the form; ii. Subject = substance =form; iii. Subject = substance = matter. The author comes to the conclusion that thesensible and destructible substance can be recognized from the four perspectives:i. as the concrete and the individual thing that is the combination of the matter andthe form; ii. as the hylemorfic essence of the thing with the moment which fulfillsthe function of co-called principium individuationis; iii. as the form which fulfillsthe function of the internal principle of the thing and is identical with the formalcause of that thing; iv. as the ultimate matter which is the thing or it’s essence inthe state of the development.