Durational Exposure of Carbosulfan Induced Effect on Kidney, Biochemical Contents and Enzyme Activities in Albino Mice

Carbosulfan (2,3-dihydro-2,2dimethyl-7-benzofuronyl [(dibutyl amino) thio] methyl insecticide cum -acaricide was administered orally at effective dose 48 mg/ kg /d to albino mice for 5,10 20 and 30 days .The mice orally administer with similar volume of olive oil were served as control. Daily body weights were recorded and mice were sacrificed 24 hours after the terminal exposure. Kidneys were dissected out freed from adherent tissue weighed to nearest milligram. The kidney histology, estimations of biochemical contents and enzyme activities were carried out. The kidney histology reveals treatment with 48 mg carbosulfan exposure for 5 days, kidney cortical tubules with normal arrangement. glomerulus are prominently attached within Bowman’s capsule. The histological observations of the kidney in the mice exposed to carbosulfan for 10, 20 and 30 days reveals flattened tubular cells, normal arrangement of kidney cortical tubular disturubed. glomerulus are atrophied and are loosely attached in Bowman’s capsule. Vacuoles are found prominent with loss of glomerulus. Temporal study on kidney biochemical contents exhibits treatment with carbosulfan for 20 days caused significant decrease in kidney RNA, protein in female and male mice. Kidney glycogen decreased significantly and cholesterol increased significantly in female mice. Treatment with carbosulfan for 30 days caused significant decrease in DNA, RNA, protein, glycogen and significant increase in cholesterol in kidney of male and female mice. Treatment with 48 mg carbosulfan for 10 days caused significant decrease in kidney glycogen in female mice. Temporal study on kidney enzymes reveals carbosulfan treatment for 20 and 30 days caused significant decrease in SDH, Na+-K+ATPase, Mg++ATPase, Ca++ATPase, ACP activity and significant increase in LDH, ASAT, ALAT, AKP activity in kidney of male and female mice, except ACP, AKP activity were not changed significantly in male mice exposed to carbosulfan for 20 days. The results of the present study suggest carbosulfan has adverse effects on kidney functions leading to physiological impairment. Carbosulfan might have affected cell metabolism and active transport of ions across cell membrane, cellular defence mechanism and detoxification system in kidney.