Microorganisms – destructors of SAS in water environments

A significant part of the anthropogenic burden on surface water, are sewage containing surfac-e-active substances (SAS), which are part of all domestic and most industrial sewage. For the treatment of domestic and industrial sewage from surface-active substances physico-chemical and biological methods are widely used. The aim of this study was to discharge from industrial wastes microorganisms – destructors of SAS. Pure cultures of microorganisms were isolated from oil sludge and waste water of oil and gas industry, wastewater of fiberglass production. Isolation of microorganisms from oil sludge and oil waste waters was carried out by cumulative microbial culture using liquid nutritive Chapek and CPYGG media. Microorganisms from industrial sewage of fiberglass production were isolated by Koch’s method in nutrient media M9 and MEA. To study the physiological and biochemical properties the needs of the bacterial strains in different sources of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, amylolytic, proteolytic, lipolytic, fungicidal, emulsifying activity, phytotoxicity and the ability to learn the basic components of waste waters were determined. The studies of industrial wastes in pure cultures there has been isolated 13 strains of bacteria, represented by gram-positive and gram-negative forms, belonging to the genera Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Kocuria, Stenotrophomonas, Proteus, Staphylococcus. The study of the physiological and biochemical properties showed that all isolates were able to assimilate carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus as the main sources of energy in organic and mineral form, to have proteolytic, lipolytic, emulsifying and fungicidal activity and to absorb the main components of waste waters. In the study of their destructive power to SAS it has been stated that all strains are capable to degradation of anionic and cationic SAS. It allows considering the possibility of using bacterial cultures to develop ways to clean water environments from SAS.