Metabolic surgery: gastric bypass and type 2 diabetes

Currently, type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity behave as epidemic diseases. Medical treatment has not been able to achieve adequate metabolic control in a sufficient number of patients and is not exempt of complications. Meanwhile, the group of diabetics with severe and morbid obesity that have undergone bariatric surgery have mostly evolved with remission of their diabetes in the medium and long term, so that surgery has become the first choice of treatment. This early post operative remission is not explained by weight loss only, as other mechanisms linked to anatomic and functional changes mediated by surgery are under research. There is a great interest to explore new treatment options for type 2 diabetes including surgery in patients with mild to severe obesity, which has been denominated metabolic surgery.