Bioelectronic DNA detection of human papillomaviruses using eSensor？: a model system for detection of multiple pathogens

Two chips were spotted with capture probes consisting of DNA oligonucleotide sequences specific for HPV types. Electrically conductive signal probes were synthesized to be complementary to a distinct region of the amplified HPV target DNA. A portion of the HPV L1 region that was amplified by using consensus primers served as target DNA. The amplified target was mixed with a cocktail of signal probes and added to a cartridge containing a DNA chip to allow for hybridization with complementary capture probes.Two bioelectric chips were designed and successfully detected 86% of the HPV types contained in clinical samples.This model system demonstrates the potential of the eSensor platform for rapid and integrated detection of multiple pathogens.Global emergence of pathogenic infectious diseases by both natural and intentional means presents a formidable challenge to infectious disease surveillance and response, namely timely and efficient pathogen detection. Many laboratory methods exist for identifying pathogens, but most require exquisite care in sample handling and processing prior to characterization of a pathogen. In addition, costly and perishable reagents, equipment, and supplies are required for sensitive and specific detection. The ideal detection system would integrate sample processing and pathogen characterization into a single automated device that would eliminate laborious, and time consuming sample processing and costly detection. Bioelectronic detection of nucleic acids on a miniature solid support is one of the first steps toward development of such an integrated detection device.Bioelectronic DNA detection involves forming an electronic circuit mediated by nucleic acid hybridization and it serves as the basis for a DNA detection system called eSensor？ [1-4]. This system uses low-density DNA chips containing electrodes coated with DNA capture probes. Target DNA present in the sample hybridizes specifically both to capture probes and ferrocene labeled sig