IN WORLD WAR I AND THE PERIODS OF TRUCE ACCORDING TO AMERICAN ARCHIVE DOCUMENTS OTTOMAN GOVERNMENTS AMER KAN BELGELER NE G RE I.DüNYA SAVA I VE MüTAREKE D NEMLER NDE OSMANLI HüKüMETLER

After the Sait Halim Pahsa and Talat Pahsa governments serving during World War I, many governments came into power between 1918 and 1922. The main reason why 11 governments came into power and displayed an inconsistent administration in this 4 year period was that the attitude of Allied Powers, which invaded Istanbul and the success of Ankara-centered nation-wide movement. Allied Powers did their best to control both Padishah and these governments through their representatives. These representatives in Istanbul transferred all the information about the governments’ arrival, their characteristics, and members immediately. American representatives in Istanbul informed Washington about above-mentioned issues, although they were in the shadow of England, France, and Italy. At the beginning the American Embassy performed this duty. Then in the period of 1917-18, when diplomatic relations were cut off, The American Embassies in European Capitals transferred the information on Istanbul to the center. After 1918, American High Commissioner came on the scene. This study is a short analysis of that period based on American archive documents. I.Dünya Sava s ras nda g rev yapan Sait Halim Pa a ve Talat Pa a kabinelerinden sonra, 1918-22 d neminde ok say da hükümet stanbul’da iktidara gelmi ti. Bu 4 y l i erisinde 11 hükümetin iktidara gelip gitmesinin ve istikrars z bir y netim sergilemelerinin temel nedeni, stanbul’u i gal etmi bulunan tilaf Devletleri’nin tutumu ve Ankara merkezli milli hareketin ba ar lar yd . tilaf Devletleri, stanbul’daki temsilcileri vas tas yla, gerek bu hükümetler gerekse Padi ah üzerinde kotrolü sa lamak i in ellerinden geleni yapm lard . stanbul’daki bu temsilciler, hükümetlerin g reve geli leri, genel karakterleri ve üyelerinin kimlerden olu tu u konusunda elde ettikleri bilgileri an nda ba kentlerine aktarmaktayd . Her ne kadar ngiltere, Fransa ve talya’n n g lgesinde kalsa da, stanbul’daki Amerikan temsilcileri de bahsedilen konularda Washington’u bilgilendirmekteydi. Ba lang ta stanbul’daki Amarikan büyükel ileri bu g revi yaparken, ili kilerin kesildi i 1917-18 d neminde Avrupa ba kentlerindeki Amerikan büyükel ileri stanbul hakk nda elde ettikleri bilgileri merkeze ula t r yordu. 1918’den sonra ise stanbul’da kurulan Amerikan Yüksek Komiserli i devreye girdi. Bu al ma belirtilen sürecin Amerikan ar iv belgelerine dayan larak yap lan k sa analizinden ibarettir.