Severe Tracheal Compression due to Mediastinal Tuberculous Lymphadenitis

We report a case of an 18 months old boy admitted for respiratory distress and wheezing who did not respond to nebulized salbutamol and budesonid. On chest X ray and computed tomographic investigation, a right paratracheal regular mass was seen. During hospitalization the clinical status of the child deteriorated. An enlarged inflammatory lymph node was excised from its location after thoracotomy, and mediastinal tuberculous lymphadenitis was diagnosed histopathologically. It is important to take a chest radiograph in an infant suffering a first wheezing episode in a tuberculous prevalent area.