Nano particle engineering processes and applications

Nanotechnology is considered to be one of the most important emerging technologies worldwide. It is an innovation driver for many sectors of industry.Nanotechnological applications for product manufacture involve the addition of substances with a particle size of between 0.1 and 100 nanometres (10-9 metres). The prefix "nano" (Greek for dwarf) describes a spatial dimension. One nanometer is equivalent to a billionth of a meter. This is about the length of five to ten atoms in a row. A nanometer is to a meter what a football is to the entire earth. Through the controlled manufacture and structuring of materials, it allows the creation of completely new properties in product development. The term nanotechnology is used to describe materials, structures and technologies involving the creation or presence of a spatial dimension smaller than a hundred nanometers. Various engineering processes like High pressure homogeneiser, Wet milling, Super critical fluid technology, precipitation with compressed fluid antisolvent, Rapid expansion from liquefied gas solution and homogenization, cryogenic spray process, spray freezing into liquid process were employed, based on the drug properties and requirement of nanoparticles characters.