Comparison of the effect of calcium gluconate and batroxobin on the release of transforming growth factor beta 1 in canine platelet concentrates

There were differences statistically significant (P？<？0.05) for the platelet count and leukocyte count and TGF-β1 concentration between whole blood, plasma and both platelet concentrates. A significant correlation was found between the number of platelets in both platelet concentrates and TGF-β1 concentration. Platelet collection efficiency was 46.34% and 28.16% for PC-A and PC-B, respectively. TGF-β1 concentration efficiency for PC activated with calcium gluconate was 47.75% and 31.77%, for PC-A and PC-B, respectively. PC activated with batroxobin plus CG showed 46.87% and 32.24% for PC-A and PC-B, respectively.The methodology used in this study allows the concentration of a number of platelets and TGF-β1 that might be acceptable for a biological effect for clinical or experimental use as a regenerative therapy in dogs.The healing process is directed by complex biological mechanisms that involve many cells and proteins, such as cytokines and growth factors (GF), among others. Cellular and molecular interactions allow, under physiological conditions, the repair or regeneration of damaged tissues [1,2]. Platelets play a central role in the healing process. These cytoplasmic fragments not only have hemostatic properties [3], but also have pro-inflammatory, regulatory [4] and regenerative properties, which are mediated by interaction with other cells (neutrophils and endothelial cells), GF, chemokines and other regulatory molecules [5].Currently, there is a growing interest in the use of autologous platelet concentrates (PC), also known as platelet rich plasma (PRP) for stimulating the healing process and promoting regeneration instead of reparation. Platelet alpha granules [4,6] contain at least seven GF directly involved in the healing process. Of these proteins, transforming growth factor beta isoform 1 (TGF-β1) is of pivotal importance for its actions on cell proliferation, angiogenesis and extracellular matrix deposition [7].Many substances could potentially be us