Susceptibilidade de espécies de plantas com potencial de fitorremedia o do herbicida sulfentrazone Selection of plants tolerant to sulfentrazone and potential for phytoremediation

Dentre as novas tecnologias, a fitorremedia o é op o para a descontamina o de áreas que receberam intensas aplica es de herbicidas. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de selecionar espécies com potencial para a fitorremedia o de solos contaminados com o herbicida sulfentrazone. As espécies testadas foram: Calopogonium mucunoides, híbrido de sorgo (Sorghum bicolor x Sorghum sudanense), Crotalaria breviflora, Crotalaria juncea, Canavalia ensiformis, Dolichos lablab, Stizolobium deeringianum e Stizolobium aterrimum, cultivadas em cinco doses do sulfentrazone (0, 200, 400, 800 e 1.600 g ha-1). O experimento foi instalado em casa de vegeta o, utilizando-se vasos com capacidade para 6 L, preenchidos com amostras de solo coletadas na profundidade de 0-20 cm. Foram avaliadas a fitotoxicidade do herbicida, a altura de plantas e a massa de matéria seca da parte aérea e de raízes. As espécies que manifestaram os menores sintomas de fitotoxicidade e os maiores índices de altura e matéria fresca e seca foram C. juncea, C. ensiformis e D. lablab, sendo selecionadas como tolerantes ao herbicida sulfentrazone e com potencial para fitorremedia o. Among the new technologies, phytoremediation is considered as an option for the decontamination of areas that thave undergone intense herbicide applications. This work aimed to select species with potential to the phytoremediation of soils contaminated with the herbicide sulfentrazone. The tested species were Calopogonium mucunoides, hybrid Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor x Sorghum sudanense), Crotalaria breviflora, Crotalaria juncea, Canavalia ensiformis, Dolichos lablab, Stizolobium deeringianum e Stizolobium aterrimum. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, using 6 dm3 vases filled with soil samples collected at a depth of 20 cm. The experimental design was the randomized blocks in a factorial scheme of 8 x 5, with four repetitions, which were composed by the eight plant species, and five doses of sulfentrazone (0, 200, 400, 800 and 1,600g ha-1). We evaluated the phytotoxicity of the herbicide, plant height and dry weight of shoots and roots. The species showing the least symptoms of phytotoxicity and the highest rates of height and fresh and dry biomass were C. juncea, C. ensiformis and D. lablab, which were selected as tolerant to the herbicide sulfentrazone and with potential for phytoremediation.