Hard network lifetime wireless sensor networks with high energy first clustering

Wireless sensor network (WSN) requires robust and energy efficient communication protocols to minimize the energy consumption as much as possible. However, the lifetime of sensor network reduces due tothe adverse impacts caused by radio irregularity and fading in multi-hop WSN. A cluster-based scheme is proposed as a solution for this problem. The proposed scheme extends High Energy First (HEF) clustering algorithm and enables multi-hop transmissions among the clusters by incorporating the selection of cooperative sending and receiving nodes. The performance of the proposed system is evaluated in terms of energy efficiency and reliability. Simulation results show that tremendous energy savings can be achieved by adopting hardnetwork lifetime scheme among the clusters. The proposed cooperative MIMO scheme prolongs the network lifetime with 75% of nodes remaining alive when compared to LEACH protocol. HEF algorithm proved that thenetwork lifetime can be efficiently prolonged by using fuzzy variables (concentration, energy and density). Providing a trustworthy system behavior with a guaranteed hard network lifetime is a challenging task to safetycritical and highly-reliable WSN applications.