AN OPTIMIZED ENERGY AWARE CHAINING TECHNIQUE FOR DATA GATHERING IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a collection of small sensor nodes with aptitude to sense, compute and transmit data that are deployed to observe a physical environment. The sensor node has limited capabilities, especially its energy reserve, its processing ability and its memory storage. Data dissemination and gathering protocols design for WSN are crucial challenges since those protocols should be easy, energy-efficient, and robust to deal with a very large number of nodes. Also, they should be self-configurable to node failures and dynamic changes of the network topology. In this paper, we present a new algorithm for gathering sensor reading based on chain forming using Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) technique. To allow network lifetime extension, the ACO provides the shortest network nodes chaining instead of starting from the furthest node and using Greedy algorithm as PEGASIS do. The leader role duration is defined for each node based on its required energy to do this role in the established chain. Which avoids fast nodea€ s energy depletion and then, the network lifetime would be extended. Through simulation, it is proved that the proposed algorithm allows network stability extension compared to the most known chaining algorithm.