Endodontic surgery: Evaluation of different techniques for accomplishment of apicoectomy

Apicoectomy is the surgery in which the apical resection of the dental root is carried through. Among the indications there are cases of ripped root that can prevent conventional treatment, perforations of the root into the third apical, presence of not filled ramifications and fractured endodontic instruments, whose treatments had been incapable to solve the problem by the root canal. The failure in the endodontic treatment is normally related with the presence of microorganisms in the depths of the root canal system,resistant to the procedures of cleanness and modeling. The objective of the present study was to make a literature review on the factors related to the technical resources, anatomical and histological conditions for the accomplishment of the apicoectomy. It was concluded that some factors influence for the success of the apicoectomy, among them: the root region in which the cut is made, the use of drills or laser in its confection and the involvement of the apical anatomical variations.