LE R LE DE L’INFRASTRUCTURE DE TRANSPORT DANS LA FRAGMENTATION DES PAYSAGES NATURELS DES RéSERVES NATURELLES L’EPICéA DE RéSONANCE DE L PU NA (LES CARPATES ORIENTALES) ET LES HAUTS DE CHARTREUSE (LES ALPES FRAN AISES)

The major premise of this article is: accessibility in natural reserves could become a risk factor for protected natural elements, if the ways of access inside of natural reserve are not correlated with the preserve purposes. Moreover, the transport network density and quality are elements, which lead to landscape fragmentation. These parameters catalyze the visitors flux inside the natural reserve, and thus, they could be identified like reserve vulnerability vectors. In order to prove this hypothesis we analyzed two study cases: the natural reserve “The L pu na epicea woodnatural reserve” (The Eastern Carpathians) and “The natural reserve Les Hauts de Chartreuse” (French Alps). Regarding the transport network, the two natural reserves are totally opposed: the Romanian reserve is located in a isolated area, and the French reserve is very accessible. In both cases, the transport infrastructure,road density and their connection with landscape fragmentation were studied.