Sexually dimorphic effect of aging on skeletal muscle protein synthesis

We measured the skeletal muscle protein fractional synthesis rate (FSR) by using stable isotope-labeled tracer methods during basal postabsorptive conditions and during a hyperaminoacidemic-hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp in eight young men (25–45 y), ten young women (25–45 y), ten old men (65–85 y) and ten old women (65–85 y).The basal muscle protein FSR was not different in young and old men (0.040？±？0.004 and 0.043？±？0.005%·h-1, respectively) and combined insulin, glucose and amino acid infusion significantly increased the muscle protein FSR both in young (to 0.063？±？0.006%·h-1) and old (to 0.051？±？0.008%·h-1) men but the increase (0.023？±？0.004 vs. 0.009？±？0.004%·h-1, respectively) was ~60% less in the old men (P？=？0.03). In contrast, the basal muscle protein FSR was ~30% greater in old than young women (0.060？±？0.003 vs. 0.046？±？0.004%·h-1, respectively; P？<？0.05) and combined insulin, glucose and amino acid infusion significantly increased the muscle protein FSR in young (P？<？0.01) but not in old women (P？=？0.10) so that the FSR was not different between young and old women during the clamp (0.074？±？0.006%·h-1 vs. 0.072？±？0.006%·h-1, respectively).There is sexual dimorphism in the age-related changes in muscle protein synthesis and thus the metabolic processes responsible for the age-related decline in muscle mass.