Low Loss Circular Birefringence in Artificial Triple Helices

Low loss circular birefringence is found in three-dimensional artificial triple helices. High values of chirality index are generated. Within the transmission bandwidth, there is a significant difference in the refractive index value of the right- and left- polarized waves. The outgoing waves from a wedge structure designed from these triple helices are proved to split with a wide angle. The wave polarizations agree with earlier simulation results.