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资源科学  2011 

Features and Functional Orientation of Underdeveloped Resource-rich Regions
中国欠发达资源富集区的界定、特征与功能定位

Keywords: Underdeveloped resources-rich regions,Resource curse,Regional function orientation,Sustainable development
欠发达资源富集区
,资源诅咒,区域功能定位,可持续发展

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Abstract:

Underdeveloped resource-rich regions (URRR) are typical regions with underdeveloped economy and abundant natural resources, particularly rich in mineral resources. In terms of sectors at prefecture, autonomous prefecture, city, and league levels, the authors developed an index system of regional development to define underdeveloped regions using the principal component analysis method, and then identified resource-rich regions using the method of location quotient. In this system, 70 regions where the region development index is larger than 200 and location quotient is over 70 are defined as URRR at prefecture, autonomous prefecture, city, and league levels. In general, URRRs are characterized by resources richness, economic backwardness, ecological vulnerability, environmental sensitivity, and social complexity. To that end, people are eager to get away from poverty and achieve prosperity as soon as possible. URRRs are primarily distributed across western China. Areas inhabited by minority and mountainous counties account for about 1/2 and 2/3 of URRRs, respectively. In environmental function regionalization, URRRs generally pertain to ecological frangible zones. In mineral resources functional division, URRRs are classified as energy resources- and mineral resources-rich regions and thus important strategic bases of exploitation and reserves of mineral resources. URRRs play a key role in economic functional division, resource functional division, ecological functional division, and territorial planning. URRRs are main regions of ensuring national resources security, key areas of sustaining national environmental security, important experimental areas of national sustainable development of economy and society, and experimental areas of resource and environment regulation of regional development. However, resource curse, which has been showed in some URRRs, has impeded the sustainability of economic development, social harmony and stability, ecological integrity, and reasonable resources exploitation. There is therefore an emergent need for URRRs to establish the resource curse early-warning system by jointly taking resource, ecological, and industrial measures to circumvent source curse and maintain sustainable development. Major emphasis on URRRs includes: 1) functional orientation of URRRs, 2) demand analysis of regional policy, 3) system verification and early warning of resource curse, and the path to circumvent resource curse, 4) management system innovation and design of resources and environment, and 5) analysis of structure, schema, and mechanisms of interest distribution of resources exploitation.

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