Measurement Method of Reasonable Consumption for Ecosystem Productivity Supply Service: A Case Study of Inner Mongolia Grassland Transect
生态系统生产力供给服务合理消耗度量方法——以内蒙古草地样带为例

High intensity of resource utilization and increasing food,fiber,energy,material requirements are leading to the growing strength of consumption of limited natural resources of the earth’s surface,if the existing socio-economic development model continues,the ecological system may be further reduced and degraded,threatening socio-economic sustainable development.How to construct scientific and reasonable model to match supply and consumption of ecosystem services is a new challenge for slowing down or even curbing the degradation of ecosystems,this need to develop the evaluation system and the simulation method of the reasonable consumption of ecosystem services,which found the junctions between the supply of natural ecosystem services and the human consumption and appropriate indicators is the key.Ecosystem net primary productivity(NPP)consumption reflects the human use intensity on the supply of ecosystem services,this study constructed a conceptual framework for ecological service reasonable consumption evaluation,developed a calculation method with consumed-NPP as a main indicator.The developed method was used at three case study regions in Inner Mongolia grassland transect,three regions have apparent gradient within ecological consumption model and intensity.Reasonable ecosystem NPP consumption was defined as the human consumed NPP for their livelihood did not produce excessive pressure to the ecosystem and can satisfy the basic human subsistence life need.The largest NPP consumption on which ecosystem could carry is the actual supply NPP of ecosystem,and the basic living consumption refers to the directly or indirectly consumed NPP used for obtaining the necessary food(including food,vegetable,meat,milk,etc.).Reasonable consumption evaluation system is divided into three levels.The first level determined the current ecological consumption pressure on the ecosystem.The second level evaluated the living satisfaction of the farmers and herdsmen.The third level examined the households’diet rationality in contrast with national diet standard.This paper described the data selecting principles and methods for the ecosystem productivity supply services and reasonable consumption in the evaluation process,and also detailed ecological consumption and calculation steps and basis of reasonable threshold.The method was designed based on attributive characters of the ecosystem services consumption agents,and the algorithms provided methodological basis for development of reasonable ecosystem consumption simulation platform based on multi-agent technology.This study also is an attempt on developing comprehensive evaluation methods for reasonable consumption taking into account a variety of ecosystem services(e.g.water regulation,soil formation and retention,species diversity maintenance)and consumptions.