PROGRESS IN EVAPOTRANSPIRATION MODELS FOR TERRESTRIAL VEGETATION OF DIFFERENT CANOPY TYPES
不同冠层类型的陆地植被蒸发散模型研究进展

To manage water resources scientifically, it is necessary to precisely estimate evapotranspiration and water balance in vegetation of terrestrial ecosystem. Therefore, developing evapotranspiration models of vegetation is always an important research topic in both ecological process and water resources management of terrestrial ecosystem. On the basis of the classification of vegetation of natural terrestrial ecosystem in the light of the characteristic of canopy structures and fractional vegetative cover, the progress in evapotranspiration models for plants of different canopy types and of different regional scales is synthetically reviewed. Canopies of natural ecosystem are divided into four categories: one layer and closed canopies (OLCC), one layer and sparse or clumping canopies (OLS/CC). Moreover, evapotranspiration models applicable for the four canopy types are showed. They are: single sources models (SSMs), dual source models (DSMs) and multiple source models (MSMs). The concepts of various surface resistances used in those models and their relations were expounded. Also, the methods of measurement and estimation of various resistances in the model are discussed.