Mutually-Inverse Relationship between Resource Contribution and Resource Curse in Economic Development:A Case Study in 31 Provinces of China
资源经济贡献与发展诅咒的互逆关系研究——中国31个省区能源开发利用与经济增长关系的实证分析

As material base,resource cannot be separated from economic development.However,in the times of economy based knowledge and unfair trade,economy in some provinces,where natural resources are rich,is less developed,which is called "Resource Curse." Based on the statistical data from 31 provinces of China from 1985 to 2004,the mutually-inverse relationship between resource contribution and "resource curse" is analyzed.Firstly,it is found that relationship of energy consumption and gross domestic product(GDP) present a positive correlation.According to statistical data from 1985 to 2004,the relationship of energy consumption and economic growth rate shows a positive correlation.In such provinces as Zhejiang,Guangdong and Fujian,both economic output and growth rate present a positive correlation with energy consumption,which shows that economic development mainly relies on the support of energy.Secondly,the relationship between energy production and economic development is analyzed,and the result is following: the more energy production is,the lower the level of economic development is;using statistic data from 1985 to 2004,the case is the same as the relationship between resource abundant index and per capita GDP growth.In such provinces as Shanxi,Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia,the higher resource abundant index is,the lower economic level is.In such provinces as Zhejiang,Guangdong and Fujian,the lower resource abundant index is,the higher economic level is.That is,economic development is lower in some provinces with abundant energy resources;this phenomenon is called as "resource curse." Finally,according to the matrix of energy production/consumption and economic development and analysis of the mutually-inverse relationship between energy and economy,the 30 provinces can be divided into three types of group: the first group includes the eastern coastal zone provinces,such as Shanghai,Zhejiang,Beijing,energy production there are lower,but energy consumption and economic development are higher.The second group includes the middle and west provinces,such as Shanxi,Shaanxi,Inner Mongolia,energy production there is higher,but energy consumption and economic development are lower.The last group is with an approximate balance between energy production and consumption,and economic development changes with energy production and consumption.For example,Shandong is the province where the energy production and consumption are more;the economic development is higher yet,with per capita GDP 16,925 Yuan.To build a harmonious society and relieve contradiction of energy generation,consumption and economic development,in energyproducing areas,improvement of industrial structure should be promoted and the "resource curse" constraints should be removed.In provinces with higher energy consumption,energy-saving technology should be introduced.Meanwhile,energy allowance and financial transfers should be increased to promote harmonious development between energy production,c