Tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) in ferromagnetic metalinsulator granular films

We review the recently discovered tunnel-type giant magnetoresistance (GMR) in ferromagnetic metalinsulator granular thin films, which is the magnetoresistance (MR) associated with the spin-dependent tunneling between two ferromagnetic metal particles. The theoretical and experimental results including electrical resistivity, magnetoresistance and their temperature dependence are described. Limitations to the applications of the ferromagnetic metalinsulator granular films are also discussed. Additionally, a brief survey of another two magnetic properties, high-frequency property and giant Hall effect (GHE) associated strongly with the granular structures is also presented.