Chromosome engineering of pollen wheat

Chromosome engineering of pollen wheat is the new procedure combining anther culture and chromosome engineering techniques. It could transfer useful alien genes into wheat varieties, enhancing genetic diversity for investigation of genetics and breeding. In the present study, two new procedures, at genome level and single chromosome level, were established. Compared with the classical chromosome engineering, the chromosome engineering of pollen wheat has the following main characters: (i) diversity of products, (ii) rapid stability and (iii) high efficiency of selection. Experiments indicated that chromosome engineering of pollen wheat is an efficient way for creating alien translocation line, especially non-Robertsonian translocation line. Meanwhile, using this procedure combined with comprehensive identifying methods, the investigation of useful genes and molecular markers on rye chromosomes 1R and 6R respectively has been done. The roles and relationships between chromosome engineering of pollen wheat and gene engineering on crop improvement were discussed.