Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic studies of insulin T_3R_3 states created in different conditions

In the presence of a series of small organic molecules including 1, 4-dioxane, DMF, isopropanol, rDNA human insulin, mutants A21 Asn→Ser and (A21 Asn→Ser, B27 Thr→Arg) human insulin have been crystallized in both Zn2+-containing and Zn2+-free system. Preliminary crystallographic analyses show that they all belong to T3R3 structural type. The results indicate that, except phenolic derivatives and lyotropic anions reported before, some other appropriate organic molecules can also induce the T3R3 conformation transition of insulin.