| [1] | M. Chaves. “Ordaining Women: The Diffusion of an Organizational Innovation.” Am. J. Sociol.？101？(1996): 840–873.
|
| [2] | P.M.Y. Chang. “Female Clergy in the Contemporary Protestant Church: A Current Assessment.” JSSR？36？(1997): 565–573.
|
| [3] | T. Watling. “‘Leadership’; or ‘Dialogue’? Women, Authority and Religious Change in a Netherlands Community.” Sociol. Relig.？63？(2002): 515–538.
|
| [4] | A.T. Lummis, and P.D. Nesbitt. “Women Clergy Research and the Sociology of Religion.” Sociol. Relig.？67？(2000): 443–453.
|
| [5] | P.D. Nesbitt. Feminization of the Clergy in America: Occupational and Organizational Perspectives. New York, NY, USA: Oxford University Press, 1997.
|
| [6] | K. Niemel？, and K. Salonen. “Finnish attitudes toward female ministry in the beginning of the 21st Century.” Tidskrift f？r kirke, Religion og Samfunn？2？(2002): 151–162.
|
| [7] | M. Chaves, and S. Anderson. “Continuity and Change in American Congregations: Introducing the Second Wave of the National Congregations Study.” Sociol. Relig.？69？(2008): 415–440.
|
| [8] | Church Council. “Kirkko numeroina/Ty？ntekij？t [Church Statistics/Personell. Statistics of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland].” Available online: http://evl.fi/EVLfi.nsf/Documents/9928383F1A4A4016C22572E5003B11B3?OpenDocument&lang=FI (Accessed on 30 March 2010).
|
| [9] | K. Niemel？. Papisto ja kanttorit 2010. Tampere, Finland: Church Research Institute, 2010.
|
| [10] | P. Sullins. “The Stained Glass Ceiling: Career Attainment for Women Clergy.” Sociol. Relig.？61？(2000): 243–266.
|
| [11] | C.W. Jackson, B. Hargrove, and A.T. Lummis. Women of the Cloth: Now Opportunity for the Churches. San Francisco, CA, USA: Harper and Row, 1983.
|
| [12] | B. Zikmund Brown, A.T. Lummis, and P.M.Y. Chang. Clergy Women: An Uphill Calling. Louisville, KY, USA: Westminster John Knox Press, 1998.
|
| [13] | J. Charlton. “Women and Clergywomen.” Sociol. Relig.？60？(2000): 419–424.
|
| [14] | J. Charlton. “Clergywomen of the pioneer generation: A longitudinal study.” JSSR？36？(1997): 519–613.
|
| [15] | E.C. Lehman Jr. “Gender and ministry style: Things not what they seem.” In Gender and Religion. Edited by W.H. Swatos Jr. London, UK: Transaction Publishers, 1994, pp. 3–14.
|
| [16] | E.C. Lehman Jr. Gender and Work: The Case of the Clergy. Albany, NY, USA: State University of New York Press, 1993.
|
| [17] | A. Lummis. “Why men and women leave the ministry: Hypotheses from research on clergy and from exiters of other statuses.” In The Power of Gender in Religion. Edited by G.A. Weatherby, and S.A. Farrell. New York, NY, USA: McGraw Hill, 1996, pp. 119–138.
|
| [18] | K. Niemel？. “Calling or Vocation.” Tidskrift for Kirke Religion Samfunn 1,？2001, 43–52.
|
| [19] | K. Niemel？. “Future theological professionals in Finland—A changing generation.” In Education for Ministry in the Church of Sweden. Edited by P. Hansson. Uppsala, Sweden: Svenska kyrkans forskningr？d, 2001, pp. 109–126.
|
| [20] | K. Niemel？. Teologiksi? Teologiseen tiedekuntaan pyrkivien uranvalintamotiivit ja ammatillinen suuntautuminen (Motives of Career Choice and Vocational Orientation of Applicants for Studies in Theology). Tampere, Finland: Kirkon tutkimuskeskus, 1999. Sarja A Nro 73.
|
| [21] | K. Niemel？. “2010 Niemel？, Kati.” In Papisto ja kanttorit 2010. Akavan kirkollisten ammattiliittojen j ？senkyselyn raportti (The Clergy and Church Musicians 2010—Report of the Member Survey of Clergy Union and Union for the Church Musicians). Tampere, Finland: Kirkon tutkimuskeskus, 2010. www-julkaisuja Nro 20.
|
| [22] | K. Niemel？. “Doctrinal Views and Conflicts among Clergy and other Church Employees in Finland.” Tidskrift for Kirke Religion Samfunn 1,？2005, 47–71.
|
| [23] | K. Niemel？. “At the Intersection of Faith and Life: A narrative approach to the faith of church employees.” Soc. Compass？54？(2007): 187–200.
|
| [24] | P. Beyer. Religion and Globalization. London, UK: Sage, 1994.
|
| [25] | R. Wuthnow. The Restructuring of American Religion. Society and Faith since World War II. Princeton, NJ, USA: Princeton University Press, 1998.
|
| [26] | World Health Organization. “What Do We Mean by “Sex” and “Gender”?” Gender, Women and Health, available online: http://www.who.int/gender/whatisgender/en/index.html (Accessed on 7 June 2010).
|
| [27] | A.H. Eagly, W. Wood, and A.B. Diekman. “Social Role Theory of Sex Differences and Similarities: A Current Appraisal.” In The Developmental Social Psychology of Gender. Edited by T. Eckes, and H. Trautner. Mahwah, NJ, USA: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., 2000, pp. 123–169.
|
| [28] | W. Wood, and A.H. Eagly. “A cross-cultural analysis of the behavior of women and men: Implications for the origin of sex differences.” Psychol. Bull.？128？(2002): 699–727.
|
| [29] | R. Gilbert, and P. Gilbert. Masculinity Goes to School. London, UK: Routledge, 1998.
|
| [30] | K. Salonen. Pappisliiton j？senkyselyn raportti 2002 (The report of the Clergy Union member survey 2002). Tampere, Finland: Church Research Institute and Clergy Union Finland, 2002.
|
| [31] | K. Niemel？, and H. Palmu. Papisto ja kanttorit 2006. (Clergy and church musicians in 2006). Tampere, Finland: Church Research Institute, 2006.
|
| [32] | K. K？？ri？inen, K Niemel？, and K. Ketola. Religion in Finland. Decline, Change and Transformation of Finnish Religiosity. Tampere, Finland: Church research institute, 2005.
|
| [33] | D.P. Sullins. “Gender and Religion: Deconstructing Universtality, Constructing Complexity.” Am. J. Sociol.？112？(2006): 838–880.
|
| [34] | J. Casanova. Public Religion in the Modern World. Chicago, IL, USA: University of Chicago, 1994.
|
| [35] | K. Dobbelaere. “Secularization: An Analysis at Three Levels.” In Gods, Humans and Religion. Bruxelles, Belgium: P.I.E.-Peter Lang, 2002. No 1.
|
| [36] | T. Luckmann. The Invisible Religion: The Problem of Religion in Modern Society. New York, NY, USA: Macmillan, 1967.
|
