Pixel-level image modification authentication algorithm
一种像素级的图像篡改认证算法

A fragile watermarking algorithm used to authenticate the pixel-level modification to the image content was proposed, which can distinguish pixel points modified in image and tolerate transmission errors of individual authentication information bit in the process of image transmission. In this algorithm, authentication information was produced by extending more and more pixel points toward both left-right and up-down, which ensured the accurate location of individual juggled pixels resulting from some algorithms based on image uncertainty by combining surrounding pixels to determine the embedded watermarking bits. Authentication information was embedded after encryption to avoid most problems of security bugs caused by most pixel-based authentication algorithms.