Fingerprint image watermarking algorithm using the quantization of parity based on Contourlet transform
基于奇偶量化的Contourlet变换域指纹图像水印算法

A fingerprint image watermarking algorithm was proposed based on Contourlet transform and the quantization of parity. After Contourlet transform, original image was decomposed into a series of multi scale, local, and directional subimages. The original binary watermark was firstly scrambled by two-dimensional Arnold transform, and then embedded into the Contourlet transform low frequency sub-band. Then the coefficients of low frequency sub-band were modified by using the quantization of parity. The retrieving watermark algorithm is a blind detecting process, and it does not need original image. The experimental result shows that, this algorithm can resist attacks, such as crop, JPEG compression, and overlaid noise. The watermarking is invisible and robust, and it improves the reliability of fingerprint recognition.