NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS
纳米结构材料

Nanostructured materials (NsM) are solids composed of structural elements-mostly crvstaltites-with a characteristic size (in at least one direction) of a few nanometers.NsM may be classified into twelve groups according to the shape and chemical com-position of their constituent structural elements. The atomic structu re and properties of NsM deviate from the ones of a single crystal and / or glass with the same chemical composition. This deviation results from the reduced size of the crystallites.dlmensionality effects due to the shape of the crystallites (thin plates. needles or equiaxed shape). and the reduced densitV and / or modified coordination numbers in the interfaces between the structural elements. Some of the experimental observations supporting these ideas are discussed. Technological applications of metallic .macromolecular and semiconducting NsM are described,