Matrix Effect and Control of Immunoassay for Environmental Samples
环境样品免疫检测基质效应分析与控制

Immunoassay provides very specific, highly sensitive, rapid, and cost-effective analyses for a variety of environmental contaminants. Since the immunoassay detects the environmental samples without pre-treatment, the interferences caused by various matrixes of environmental samples are a major problem, which can greatly affect the detection results. In this paper, based on the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of Microcystin-LR (MC-LR), the effect of many kinds of matrixes on ELISA was systematically analyzed, and the corresponding method to control or eliminate the disbennifit effect was proposed. Finally, an integrated and packaged strategy-using the following buffer system as a diluent, i.e. 0.1 mol·L-1 pH 7.4 PBS (10×PBS) containing 1% BSA, 0.5% EDTA and 40 g·L-1 sodium chloride-was given to control the overall matrix effects of environmental samples on ELISA detection. This strategy is also applicable to other kinds of immunoassays for environmental samples.