Characteristics of Surface Runoff Pollution of Shanghai Urban Area
上海市城区非渗透性地面径流的污染特性研究

Sampling and monitoring of surface runoff in Shanghai urban area were carried out during rainy seasons from 2003 to 2005,and pollutographs of COD,BOD_5,SS,NH~ _4-N,TP and TN of 56 rainfall events from 19 sampling sites were analyzed.Discharge processes of runoff pollutants during rain events and relationships of the processes with rainfall characters were discussed,and event mean concentrations(EMCs) were calculated.Probability distribution of EMCs and correlation between EMCs and rain characters were analyzed.Medium event mean concentrations of pollutants in surface runoff of Shanghai urban area are: COD 205,BOD_5 68,SS 185,NH~ _4-N 3.14,TP 0.40,TN 7.23((mg/L)),which are much higher than those in Paris urban area.The ratio of BOD_5 to COD is 0.37,which is very high for surface runoff compared with that of large cities of developed countries.Results show that impervious surface pollution is serious in Shanghai urban area and some measures must be taken to improve urban water environment quality except stormwater separation.