The on-going whole genome sequencing and whole cell assays of metabolites and proteins imply that complex systems could ultimately be mastered by perfecting knowledge into great detail. However, courses of nature are inherently intractable because flows of energy and their driving forces depend on each other. Thus no data will suffice to predict precisely the outcomes of e.g., engineering experiments. All path-dependent processes, most notably evolution in its entirety, display this capricious character of nature.
References
[1]
Gateway to UK National Statistics. 2011. Available online: http://www.statistics.gov.uk/hub/index.html (accessed on 4 January 2012).
[2]
Limpert, E.; Stahel, W.A.; Abbt, M. Log-normal distributions across the sciences: keys and clues. Bioscience?2001, 51, 341–352, doi:10.1641/0006-3568(2001)051[0341:LNDATS]2.0.CO;2.
[3]
Du Chatelet, E. Institutions de Physique; Prault: Paris, France, 1740.
[4]
‘sGravesande, W. Physices Elementa Mathematica, Experimentis Confirmata, Sive Introductio ad Philosophiam Newtonianam; Leiden, The Netherlands, 1720. Reprint Vol. II, translated into English by I.T. Desaguliers; Gale Ecco: London, UK, 2010..
[5]
De Maupertuis, P.L.M. Accord de différentes loix de la nature qui avoient jusqu'ici paru incompatibles. Mém. Ac. Soc. Paris?1744, 417–426.
[6]
Gibbs, J.W. The Scientific Papers of J. Willard Gibbs.; Ox Bow Press: Woodbridge, CT, USA, 1993-1994.
[7]
Sharma, V.; Annila, A. Natural process – Natural selection. Biophys. Chem.?2007, 127, 123–128, doi:10.1016/j.bpc.2007.01.005.
[8]
Poincaré, J.H. Sur le problème des trois corps et les équations de la dynamique. Divergence des séries de M. Lindstedt. Acta Mathematica?1890, 13, 1–270.
[9]
Sipser, M. Introduction to the Theory of Computation; Pws Publishing: New York, NY, USA, 2001.
[10]
Annila, A. Physical portrayal of computational complexity. ISRN Computational Mathematics 2011,arXiv:0906. 1084. Available online: http://www.isrn.com/journals/cm/aip/321372/ (accessed on 4 January 2012).
[11]
Sharma, V.; Kaila, V.R.I.; Annila, A. Protein folding as an evolutionary process. Physica A?2009, 388, 851–862, doi:10.1016/j.physa.2008.12.004.
[12]
Darwin, C. On the Origin of Species; John Murray: London, UK, 1859.
[13]
Whitfield, J. Survival of the Likeliest? PLoS Biol.?2007, 5, e142, doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0050142.
[14]
Kaila, V.R.I.; Annila, A. Natural selection for least action. Proc. R. Soc. A?2008, 464, 3055–3070, doi:10.1098/rspa.2008.0178.
[15]
Annila, A.; Salthe, S. Physical foundations of evolutionary theory. J. Non-equilb. Thermodyn.?2010, 35, 301–321, doi:10.1515/jnetdy.2010.019.
[16]
Elsasser, M.W. A Form of Logic Suited for Biology. In Progress in Theoretical Biology; Rosen, R., Ed.; Academic Press: New York, 1981; Volume 6, pp. 23–62.
[17]
Annila, A. All in action. Entropy?2010, 12, 2333–2358, doi:10.3390/e12112333.
[18]
Annila, A.; Annila, E. Why did life emerge? Int. J. Astrobio.?2008, 7, 293–300, doi:10.1017/S1473550408004308.
[19]
Koskela, M.; Annila, A. Looking for LUCA. Genes. submitted for publication?
[20]
Waddington, C.H. The Epigenetics of Birds; Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, MA, USA, 1953.
[21]
Van Valen, L. A new evolutionary law. Evolutionary Theory?1973, 1, 1–30.
[22]
Annila, A.; Salthe, S. Economies evolve by energy dispersal. Entropy?2009, 11, 606–633, doi:10.3390/e11040606.
[23]
M?kel?, T.; Annila, A. Natural patterns of energy dispersal. Phys. Life Rev.?2010, 7, 477–498.
[24]
Karnani, M.; P??kk?nen, K.; Annila, A. The physical character of information. Proc. R. Soc. A.?2009, 465, 2155–2175, doi:10.1098/rspa.2009.0063.
[25]
Landauer, R. Information is physical. Physics Today?1991, 44, 23–29, doi:10.1063/1.881299.
[26]
Karnani, M.; P??kk?nen, K.; Annila, A. The physical character of information. Proc. R. Soc. A?2009, 465, 2155–2175.
[27]
Pernu, T.K.; Annila, A. Natural emergence. Complexity?2012. in press.
[28]
Image from Mongabay.org. Available online: http://www.mongabay.org/images/external/2006/satellite/sat_braz_amazon_35.jpg (accessed on 7 January 2012).
[29]
Annila, A.; Salthe, S. Cultural naturalism. Entropy?2010, 12, 1325–1343, doi:10.3390/e12061325.