On effects of coastal location and management policy on landuse changes in coastal zone: a case study of Golden Coastal Region in Changli County
区位和管理政策对海岸带土地利用变化的影响——以昌黎黄金海岸地区为例

The protection and rational use of coastal resources are keys to sustainable development in coastal zones, which are influenced by many natural and social factors such as coastal location and management policies. To realize sustainable development of coastal zones, the influence mechanism of impact factors on landuse changes must be studied and rational policies are made based on the study. To learn the effects of coastal location and management policies of coastal zone on their landuse changes, as a case study, the pattern of landuse changes from 1985 to 2000 in Golden Coastal Region of Changli county, Hebei province was studied in this paper. The landuse change in near-coastal and far-coastal zones shows that coastal location has great effect on landuse changes in coastal zone, and landuse change degree of near-coastal zone is greater than that of far-coastal zone and their main change types are different--the main change types in near-coastal zone are the conversions of beaches, lagoons, sand dunes, grasslands and farmlands into fishponds and sand dunes into grasslands and forestlands, while the main change types of far-coastal zone are the conversions of farmlands into rural residential areas and sand dunes, and saline-alkali lands into farmlands, fishponds and grasslands. The comparison of landuse changes between protected area and development area, which are both in near-coastal zone, was made and the results prove that management policies of coastal zones have great effects on landuse changes, too. Landuse change degree in protected area is smaller than that of development area, and the main change types in protected area are sand dunes into forestlands and grasslands and lagoon into fishponds, while the main change types in development area are affected by different development policies, the main change types of tourist area are forest into lands for tourism and recreation purpose and residential areas, and those of fishery culture area are grasslands and beaches into fishponds. The analysis also shows that the protected area has played its positive roles in protection of lagoons, sand dunes and forests after its construction, but the area of the Qilihai lagoon is about 3.5km^2 now because of cultured fishponds around the lagoon before the construction of protected area, therefore we must protect the lagoon actively and forbid its continuous culturing and return the fishponds back to the lagoon.