Cultural relic-scape sensitivity evaluation and its sustainable use:a case study of Taxkorgan Stone Town in Xinjiang
文化遗址的景观敏感度评价及可持续利用——以新疆塔什库尔干石头城为例

Cultural relic-scape is an important type of cultural landscape heritage and also an important type of landscape resource.But cultural landscapes were conserved totally in a simply way in the past and were not open to visitors.With the development of tourism,cultural relic-scape is becoming an important cultural tourism resources and attracting more and more visitors all over the world.Because of being neglected for a long time some cultural relic-scapes have been naturally damaged or disturbed by tourism,so it is necessary and meaningful to do more researches on relic-scape effective conservation and sustainable development.Cultural relic-scape sensitivity is the key factor influencing relic-scape conservation and sustainable developing models.The sensitivity evaluation is the basic research to sustainable development of cultural relic-scapes.The characteristics of landscape sensitivity are determined by landscape ecological sensitivity(LE),visional sensitivity(LV) and landscape architecture sensitivity(LA).Based on the evaluation of LA,LV and LA,the indexes of landscape sensitivity are calculated through the formula LS=3LE·LV·LA and divided into five levels which are dissensitive(1.0-2.0),low sensitivity(2.1-4.0),mid-sensitivity(4.1-6.0),higher sensitivity(6.1-8.0) and highest sensitivity(8.0-9.0).This paper,taking the Taxkorgan Stone Town in Xinjiang as case study and the sensitivity evaluation as start-point,based on landscape ecological sensitivity evaluation,landscape visional sensitivity evaluation and landscape architecture and its surroundings sensitivity evaluation,evaluate landscape sensitivity systematically.The main conclusions are:(1)The snow mountains are the main distant environment landscape and the river valley is the visional corridor to this region and with remarkable and sensitive characteristics.(2) The stone town relic-scape and the sandbanks are highly ecological sensitive,the relicscape and waterscape are highly visional sensitive and the relic town is made up by stones,mud and grasses and farmer's houses are most sensitive to landscape.According to the conclusions of sensitivity evaluations,the countermeasures of relic-scape sustainable development are discussed,which are effective conservation and sustainable development,dividing into key region,buildings controlling region,landscape coordinating region and original landscape conservation area,rational landscape capacity and tourist behavior standards,ways for entering and controlling of infrastructures and the ways of re-imaging historical culture landscape and sustainable development.