SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS ON SCALE SURFACE STRUCTURES OF CYPRINUS IN QILU LAKE, YUNNAN
杞麓湖鲤鱼鳞片表面结构的扫描电镜观察

The present paper mainly deals with the scales, surface structures of 5 species of Cyprinus in Qilu Lake by means of scanning electron microscopy. The scales of other genera of subfamily Cyprininae are observed in the same time. It is described in detail that morphological characters of the scales including circuli, focus and radii. Denticular knobbles on the circuit are only found in chilia among 5 species of Cyprinus. They are also found in Cara-ssioides cantonensis and Carassius auratus. The former studies were showed that Carassioides and Carassius wore the advanced group in Cypriuiriae. Based on above facts, it is inferred that denticular knobbles, are derived from normal circuli. Scales with denticular knobbles, or without them are a good diagnostic character for taxonomic identification. Cyprinus carpio chilia and Cyprinus car pio rubrofuscus were seen as different subspecies. Now authors are inclined that Cyprinus car pio chilia is deserved the statu of species instead of subspecies according the evidences that scale of chilia is with denticular knobbles and rubrofuscus without them, that skull of rubrofuscus is with fontanelle and chilia's without it. Depending on ultrastructure of radii, it is deduced that radii may act on two aspects. One is that it may regulate expansion or contraction of scales because of fluctuation of surrounding water temperature. The other is that it may strengthen flexibility of scales.