Digital Rebuilding of LUCC Spatial-temporal Distribution of the Last 100 Years: Taking Dorbod Mongolian Autonomous County in Daqing City as an Example
土地利用/土地覆被时空分布100 年数字重建 ———以大庆市杜尔伯特蒙古族自治县为例

Historical land use and land cover change (LUCC) data is very important for research of such problems as global environmental change, sustainable development, ecological security, and so on. However, acquiring early LUCC data is not easy, especially getting the data before satellite images came into being. In this paper, by making use of many sources of data such as TM, MSS images, physical environmental background maps including terrain, climate, geology, soil, vegetation and hydrology as well as socioeconomic statistical data, taking Dorbod Mongolian Autonomous County in Daqing City as a case study area, a digital rebuilt model of LUCC was made for the period without satellite remote sensing data based on GIS technology. This model consists of sensitive area analysis submodel, spatial analysis submodel, land use distribution probability submodel, spatial layout submodel, etc. The model was used to reproduce the LUCC spatial-temporal distribution in this study area from the 1930s to 1950s. Finally, the precision of the modeling results was evaluated by field investigation and statistical data in historical literature. The results are shown as follows: (1) The rule of land use/land cover change can be easily revealed by using the method of recording every patch of land use type and analyzing the sensitivity of land use/land cover change in each period. (2) The impact of environmental background on land use/land cover change was analyzed quantitatively and orientationally, thereby the distribution probability of land use/land cover type in each patch was calculated. This distribution probability can provide the basis for LUCC rebuilding. (3) The feasibility and reliability of extracting land use information from topographic maps were also analyzed. The result showed that according to land use classification system adopted in this research, all of the first grade land use types can be well extracted from 1:100000 topographic maps, and furthermore, some of the second land use types such as scattered woodland, shrub land, wetland, saline-alkali land and sandy land can also be obtained from those maps.