Response of Land Utilization in Resource-rich Cities to Wetland Ecology Safety:A Case Study of Daqing in Heilongjiang Province
资源型城市土地利用变化与湿地生态安全响应--以黑龙江省大庆市为例

As a typical resource-rich city (developed on the resources of petroleum, pasture land and cultivated land), Daqing City of Heilongjiang Province is one of the regions where the relation between human and land acts the most intensively, and also is the region where the land u-tilization changes sharply and possesses particular characteristics. It is especially important to the environment improvement, adjustment of industry structure in resource-rich cities and realization of sustainable development of resource-rich cities to reveal the time and space change characteristics and their change laws of land utilization in this area and to discuss the safety problems caused by land utilization change. Therefore, this study is based on MSS and TM image during five periods in 1978,1988,1992,1996 and 2001, obtaining land utilization information in different periods of 20a. This study uses GIS technology as the data integration analysis platform and calculates the index of wetland landscape pattern and the process of time and space shifting of each wetland landscape type for the purpose to describe from the point of view of landscape pattern quantitively the response of wetland landscape process to the land utilization change and the threaten of wetland ecology safety herefrom. The result shows that important reasons causing the reduction of wetland include the continuous increment of cultivated land, enlargement of land for building and the process of wetland salination and wetland becoming meadow. The land utilization causes division, breaking and rapid reduction of wetland landscape, forming a threat to the safety of biology variety, water resource and human health. Thus we should carry out analysis, evaluation, planning and design of different wetland according to the principle of symbiosis of human beings and nature, and gradually recover the original natural wetland landscape in order to let it exert full wetland functions.