MEASUREMENT OF ANTENNA GAIN USING BACKGROUND TEMPERATURE OF SKY AS STANDARD OF CALIBRATION
用冷空作为定标基准测天线增益

The basic principle and method of measuring the antenna excess noise temperature Tas by using the radio stars as calibration are presented in this paper. In this method, the antenna noise temperature TAN is used as a standard of calibration when the antenna points at sky. It was found that the results of measurement using this method agree with that obtained by using liquid nitrogen at low and normal ambient temperature as standard of calibration. The method has advantage of more simplicity of the measurement and equipment. The total error of antenna excess noise temperature obtained by this method could be estimated to be ±3%. The error of antenna gain measured is about ±0.3%. ±