Preliminary Evaluation of a Model for Stratiform Cloud Microphysical Structure by Observation and Simulation
层状云微观结构模型的观测和模拟初证

The microphysical “three-layer” model for stratiform clouds over a midlatitude location in Northwest China is investigated by combining in situ airborne Particle Measuring Systems, Inc.(PMS), radar measurements, and the NCAR/Penn State Mesoscale Model Version 5 (MM5) simulation with a two-moment microphysics scheme. The coexistence of measured supercooled liquid water and small ice particles produces snow particles below the cloud top in the second layer. Peak number concentration and mean diameter of cloud water and raindrop appear in the third warm layer. A thin dry layer just below the melting layer is also observed. The predicted precipitation is tested by equitable threat score. The melting layer is clearly defined in the radar image and model radar reflectivity output is agreement with the observations. The model results provide features of the microphysical structure for every layer of “three-layer” model at Yan’an station. For both observation and model simulation, the “three-layer” model explains the stratiform precipitation formation completely and comprehensively.