Successful modes of forest-grassland enlargement in northern area of China and ecological bases for their incorporation in grassland agro-ecological systems
我国北方地区扩大林草面积的成功模式及其纳入草地生态农业体系的生态学依据

This paper discusses successful modes of forest-grassland enlargement in northwestern and northeastern regions of China in recent years and its application trend in grassland agro-ecological systems in the country. Theoretical basis for the application include eco-kybernetics which accelerates eco-system coupling and synthesis; eco-engineering which enhances production efficiency; and eco-technology which saves water and energy. Synthesis of regulation and control mechanisms of society as well as developmental functions of eco-systems and the utilization of ecological knowledge to promote natural resources protection are very crucial elements of grassland agro-ecological systems.