The characters of water resources and countermeasures of sustainable utilization in Jinan section of the Yellow River
黄河济南段水资源特点可持续利用对策

The 185.1 km long section of the Yellow River locating in Jinan City covers a drainage area of 2,778 km2. Both interannual and intra annual water discharge of the Yellow River in Jinan varies greatly.The maximum quantity of runoff is 21.8 times as the minimum one.The runoff concentrates in flood season during the months of July to October,representing 60.7% of the annual value averaged on many years.In recent years,the runoff quantity of the Yellow River in Jinan shows a decreasing tendency year by year and the state of breaching of has been intensified.In 1997,the Yellow River ran dry for 132 days at the Luokou hydrological station.At the same time,the sediment content of the Yellow River in Jinan is high,averaging 24.9 kg/ m3 over years,showing an increasing trend.In recent years the quantity of water from the upper reaches has been decreased and the water using quantity has been increased.The water resources have been seriously wasted.The water has been polluted to some degrees.The regular capacity of reservoir is low,the water resources have not been dispatched and administered in a sustainable way.All these mentioned above have hindered sustained utilization of the Yellow River in Jinan section.The article,based on the analysis of existing status of water resources and the main problems in resources exploitation and utilization,on the prediction of water delivery and water demand,addresses the main countermeasures to the sustained utilization of the Yellow River water resources in Jinan section.(a)Taking sustained strategy as a principle,making overall planning and administering as a whole and making centralized dispatch.(b)Extending the present reservoirs and building new ones.Making full use of these water conservancy projects to ensure the water used in ecology.(c)Combined utilization of surface water and groundwater resources.(d)Building a water saving production system and society,improving effective utilization rate of water resources.(e)Adjusting price of water according to economic leverage.Promoting water saving awaveness and implementing water saving measures.(f)Reinforcing the dikes of the Yellow River and planting trees to control sand and prevent flood and ice dam,for the sake of achieving regional sustainable development of the Yellow River in Jinan section.