Protective Effect of Shelterbelts in New-cultivated Oasis of Arid Area:——Case Study in Karamay Agricultural Development Region
干旱区新垦绿洲防护林体系的防护效益分析——以克拉玛依农业综合开发区为例

There are plenty of solar,heat,water and soil resources in Karamay new-cultivated oasis.However,the eco-environment is extremely badly.The problem is mainly showed as serious drought,severe sand blowing and high salt-alkalinity,which seriously hampered the sustainable development of agriculture.By setting up the valid shelterbelt systems to improve the planting condition of plant area so as to guarantee the agricultural production carries on smoothly.According to the data investigated in field and based on the existing the protection forest system,we analyzed the varieties of the windproof efficiency in horizontal and vertical directions both windward and leeward,and analyzed the windproof efficiency of different years.The results indicated that the windproof benefits of shelterbelt leeward more remarkable than windward,the windproof benefits more remarkable in leafed periods than leafless periods.We also discovered with the distance from the shelterbelt increased the windproof efficiency weakened gradually,the wind speed reconverted the field level at 95 m away from the shelterbelt.The analysis of the thermodynamic and hydrologic benefits on shelterbelt showed: the shelterbelts had function on adjusting the air temperature.In sunny daytime,the air temperature and ground temperature near the shelterbelt deeper than reference point,the relative humidity near the shelterbelt higher than the field.The shelterbelts also had distinctively effects on adjusting temperature and soil moisture of the under-shelterbelts.