PKCa translocation from mitochondria to nucleus is closely related to induction of apoptosis in gastric cancer cells

PKCs have been implicated in the regulation of cellular differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis and signal transduction. It was demonstrated in this study that PKCalpha was located both at mitochondria and in cytosol in gastric cancer cell line BGC-823. Treatment of cells with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) resulted in the translocation of PKCalpha from both mitochondria and cytosol to nucleus as clearly shown by laserscanningconfocal microscopy, while the protein level of PKCalpha was not changed by TPA treatment as detected by Western blot. The results also revealed that TPA-induced translocation of PKCalpha was in close association with apoptosis induction, and such association was further affirmed by other experiments where various apoptotic stimuli and specific inhibitors of PKC were used. Taken together, these findings indicate that translocation of PKCalpha from both mitochondria and cytosol to nucleus in gastric cancer cell is accompanied by induction of apoptosis, and may imply a new mechanism of the potential linking between cell apoptosis and PKCalpha translocation.