Neighborhood relationships of land use spatial pattern in Qixia City.
栖霞市土地利用空间格局的邻域关系

By using the modules of neighborhood statistics and spatial analysis in ArcGIS software, an analysis was conducted with neighborhood factors on the spatiotemporal variation trend of the neighborhood relationships among main land use types in Qixia City of Shandong Province from 1987 to 2003. The results indicated that the neighborhood relationships between different land use types increased with increasing neighborhood distance, while those among the same land use types manifested congregation, which decreased with increasing neighborhood distance. From 1987 to 2003, the neighborhood relationships between construction land and orchard land, and between woodland and orchard land presented decreasing trend, while those of construction land with woodland and grassland were in adverse. Some measures such as controlling construction land area, protecting cultivated land, and decreasing the disturbances of human activities on woodland and grassland should be carried out to realize the harmonious development of economic and ecological benefits in Qixia City.