Spatial pattern relationships between emerald ash borer larvae and their natural enemies
白蜡窄吉丁幼虫及其天敌在空间格局上的关系

The investigation on the spatial patterns of emerald ash borer (EAB) larvae,parasitoid Spathius agrili,and EAB-preying woodpecker pecks in ash forests showed that in horizontal direction,EAB larvae,parasitoid S.agrili and woodpecker pecks were in negative binomial distribution,while in vertical direction,EAB larvae were distributed on ash trunks from above ground to 3.37 m in height,with a peak around the 1.50 m.Their natural enemies also favored this range.