On the methods of ecological security design for nature reserves
自然保护区生态安全设计的方法研究

Ecological damage and loss of natural habitats have been resulting in the fragmentation of wild animal and plant population,and nature reserves have become the islands of habitats.The traditional approach that focuses on a single and isolated nature reserve is not enough to protect biodiversity.Ecological processes and components of biodiversity in broad temporal and spatial scope should be protected,and a whole conservation network should be established.Based on the requirements and the trends of biodiversity conservation at home and abroad,this paper presented the concept of ecological security design for nature reserves,which is a coordinated planning strategy that integrates ecological,social and economic aspects.Firstly,a network of nature reserves is designed at regional level;secondly,the area,shape,internal zoning of a nature reserve is designed at the node (nature reserve) of the network;and finally,the connectivity between the network and nodes (corridors) is designed.Network design of nature reserves should maintain the regional integrity and the ecological process integrity of ecosystems.Iterative method,integer linear programming,and Geographic Approach (GAP) should be employed to provide blueprints of conservation planning for one or multiple conservation objectives.