Late Quaternary volcanic activity and neotectonics in the eastern Inner Mongolia
内蒙东部晚第四纪火山活动与新构造

In the Late Quaternary, including Late Pleistocene Epoch and the Holocene Epoch, volcanism is intensive in the eastern Inner Mongolia. More than 390 volcanoes with various size and shape are distributed along a 1000km long belt, from Nuominhe volcanic cluster in Elunchun in the north of Daxinanling Mountains, through Arshan-Chaihe volcanic cluster, and Xilinhot-Abaga volcanic cluster, to Wulanhada volcanic cluster in Right-back-banner, Chahaer. These volcano clusters form the spectacular Quaternary volcano eruption belt in the NNE direction in the East Inner Mongolia. The volcanoes types include maars, Hawaiian, Strombolian, Subplian and Icelandic, of which Strombolian has the highest magnitude. Volcanic explosions involve phreatic explosion, phreatomagmatic explosion and magmatic explosion. The volcanic rock mostly consist of alkali basaltic and pyroclastic (rocks), with the tectonic rifting features in the initial stage. On the whole, volcanic activities are controlled by the NNE basement faults. However, in the specific case, volcanoes are mostly located at the intersection areas of the NE and NW basement deep fault. Neotectonics in the region are closely related to volcanic activity. Intrusion of deep magma is likely to the main cause of controlling the neotectonic activity in the region. In particular, the spatial distribution of the Holocene volcanism shows the activity of the neotectonics in the eastern Inner Mongolia.