On Self-strengthening Personality in Confucianism and Its Cultivation
论儒家的自强人格及其培养

From a psychological point of view, Confucianism mainly reflects the personality of self-strengthening. Kindheartedness (Renai) personality, strong-willedness (hongyi) personality and innovative (gexin) personality are the main contents of self-strengthening in Confucianism, of which the ultimate goal is to cultivate a healthy personality. Self-strengthening personality in Confucianism is not only individually-oriented, but also socially-oriented. It is based on individual orientation, and the ultimate goal is towards social orientation, expanding gradually from individual to social. Learning from practice, overcoming bias and selfishness, correctly dealing with intellect and emotion, and correctly dealing with social interaction are the four approaches to the cultivation of self-strengthening in Confucianism.