Input-and-Output Oriented Malmquist Index Based on Directional Technology Distance Function
基于定向技术距离函数的投入产出型Malmquist 指数

The paper indicates two limitations of traditional Malmquist index,and modifies the definition and measures of Malmquist index.The modified Malmquist index not only uses nonradial directional technology distance function instead of radial output or input distance function but also takes scale returns into consideration,so measures of Malmquist index are more accurate.Also it presents the measures of two factors: technical change and technical efficiency change which have effect on productivity growth.